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Ashutosh Writes
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Ashutosh Writes is a tech-focused blog where practical learning connects with real-world development. It features clear, engaging articles on web development, Python, Java, artificial intelligence, and modern software engineering. From hands-on project tutorials and coding guides to AI concepts and development insights, the blog is designed to simplify complex topics and help developers learn, build, and grow at every stage of their journey.
The bytearray() function returns a bytearray object which is an array of the given bytes.
The syntax of bytearray() function is:
bytearray(source, encoding, errors)
where:
source (optional) is used to initialize the arrayencoding (optional) is the encoding in the case of stringserrors (optional) is the action to take when the encoding conversion fails in the case of stringsThe bytearray() function returns a bytearray object which is a mutable sequence of integers in the range 0 <= x < 256.
source ParameterThe source parameter can be used to initialize the byte array in the following ways:
In the case of String, it is converted to bytes using str.encode(). In this case, we must also provide encoding and optionally errors.
string = "I love iRead Blog."
arr1 = bytearray(string, 'utf-8')
arr2 = bytearray(string, 'utf-16')
arr3 = bytearray(string, 'utf-32')
print(arr1)
print(arr2)
print(arr3)
Output:
bytearray(b'I love iRead Blog.')
bytearray(b'\xff\xfeI\x00 \x00l\x00o\x00v\x00e\x00 \x00i\x00R\x00e\x00a\x00d\x00 \x00B\x00l\x00o\x00g\x00.\x00')
bytearray(b'\xff\xfe\x00\x00I\x00\x00\x00 \x00\x00\x00l\x00\x00\x00o\x00\x00\x00v\x00\x00\x00e\x00\x00\x00 \x00\x00\x00i\x00\x00\x00R\x00\x00\x00e\x00\x00\x00a\x00\x00\x00d\x00\x00\x00 \x00\x00\x00B\x00\x00\x00l\x00\x00\x00o\x00\x00\x00g\x00\x00\x00.\x00\x00\x00')
In the above example, we created the bytearray of a string with different string encodings.
In this case, an array of the given size is created initialized with null values.
arr_size = 3
arr = bytearray(arr_size)
print(arr)
Output:
bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00')
In this case, a read-only buffer of the object will be used to initialize the bytearray.
b_arr = bytearray(b"Hello World") # b_arr is a bytearray object
print(bytearray(b_arr))
Output:
bytearray(b'Hello World')
In this case, an array is created of the same size as that of the iterable and initialized with the elements of the iterable. However, the iterable range should be 0 <= x < 256.
list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(bytearray(list1))
Output:
bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04')
If the list includes number(s) greater than 256, we get an error.
list2 = [8, 16, 128, 256, 512]
print(bytearray(list2))
Output:
ValueError: byte must be in range(0, 256)
In this case, a bytearray of size 0 is created.
arr = bytearray()
print(arr)
Output:
bytearray(b'')
In this part, we learned about the Python bytearray() function with the help of examples.